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Surface Heat Treatment of Steel

Category: Company News

Release time: 2022-08-22

Summary: This process involves rapidly heating the surface of a steel part above its critical temperature, but cooling it quickly before the heat has time to penetrate to the core. As a result, the surface layer is quenched into a martensitic microstructure, while the core remains unaltered and undergoes no phase transformation. This achieves the desired effect of hardening the surface while leaving the core unchanged. It is particularly suitable for medium-carbon steels.

　　⑴ Surface quenching:

　　This process involves rapidly heating the surface of a steel part above its critical temperature, but cooling it quickly before the heat has time to penetrate to the core. As a result, the surface layer is quenched into a martensitic microstructure, while the core remains unaltered and undergoes no phase transformation. This achieves the desired effect of hardening the surface while leaving the core unchanged. It is particularly suitable for medium-carbon steels.

　　⑵ Chemical heat treatment:

　　It refers to a heat treatment process in which atoms of chemical elements are diffused into the surface layer of a workpiece by leveraging the atoms' ability to diffuse at high temperatures, thereby altering the chemical composition and microstructure of the surface layer and imparting specific desired properties and characteristics to the steel's surface. Depending on the type of element being diffused, chemical heat treatment can be categorized into four main types: carburizing, nitriding, cyaniding, and metal渗ting.

　　Carburizing: Carburizing is the process of introducing carbon atoms into the surface layer of steel. It enables low-carbon steel workpieces to acquire a surface layer similar to that of high-carbon steel. After quenching and low-temperature tempering, the surface layer of the workpiece gains high hardness and wear resistance, while the core of the workpiece retains the toughness and ductility characteristic of low-carbon steel.

　　Nitriding, also known as nitrogen treatment, is a process in which nitrogen atoms are diffused into the surface layer of steel. The primary objectives are to enhance the surface hardness and wear resistance, as well as improve fatigue strength and corrosion resistance. Currently, gas nitriding is widely used in industrial production.

　　Cyaniding, also known as carbon-nitrogen co-diffusion, is a process in which both carbon and nitrogen atoms are simultaneously diffused into steel. This process imparts to the steel surface characteristics of both carburizing and nitriding.

　　Metal infiltration refers to the process in which metal atoms are diffused into the surface layer of steel. This process alloys the surface layer of the steel, endowing the workpiece surface with certain properties characteristic of alloy steels and special steels, such as heat resistance, wear resistance, oxidation resistance, and corrosion resistance. Commonly used techniques in industrial production include aluminum infiltration, chromium infiltration, boron infiltration, and silicon infiltration.

Keywords: Surface Heat Treatment of Steel

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